As part of through due diligence, SharesVault also do valuation of the company which helps SharesVault to derive current fair market price of the company.
Valuation is a vast subject and also subject of perspective and personal opinion. Like if a mobile is of X value for person A but same can be of 2X for person B. Valuation is the process of estimating what something is worth.
There are many techniques available for company valuation. Here 3 techniques are described briefly:
1. Discounted Cash Flow
Via this method valuing a company using the concepts of the time value of money. All future cash flows are estimated and discounted to give their present values (PVs) — the sum of all future cash flows, both incoming and outgoing, is the net present value (NPV). Discounted cash flow tries to work out the value of a company today, based on projections of how much money it’s going to make in the future.The discounted cash flow analysis quantifies what money to be received in the future is worth today assuming a certain discount rate.
For more information : http://tommydog.hubpages.com/hub/Understanding-Discounted-Cash-Flow
2. Book Value
Value of total asset minus value of total liabilities. It is the total value of the company’s assets that shareholders would theoretically receive if a company were liquidated. In practice, book value is seldom used in the process of securing venture capital, although it is widely believed to be a realistic approach to measuring a small company’s net worth.
3. P/E Multiple:
P/E – Price Earning ratio
a higher P/E ratio means that investors are paying more for each unit of net income, so the stock is more expensive compared to one with a lower P/E ratio. The financial reporting of both companies and investment research services use a basic earnings per share (EPS) figure divided into the current stock price to calculate the P/E multiple.
EPS – The portion of a company’s profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock.
EPS = Net Profit / No. of outstanding share
so P/E ratio = Stock Price / EPS
The ratio will also vary widely among different companies and industries.
Once we derive P/E ratio, similar industries listed peer companies will be searched and relative valuation will be worked out.
Courtesy: www.investopedia.com , www.wikipedia.com and http://tommydog.hubpages.com/hub/Understanding-Discounted-Cash-Flow